The discovery of exoplanets has revolutionized our understanding of the universe and opened up a new realm of possibilities for extraterrestrial life.

These distant worlds, located beyond our solar system, come in a wide array of sizes, compositions, and environments. In this article, we will explore seven exoplanets with unique characteristics that have captured the attention and imagination of scientists and space enthusiasts alike.

Kepler-452b - Earth's Cousin

Often referred to as "Earth's cousin," Kepler-452b orbits a star similar to our Sun and resides in the habitable zone, where conditions may be suitable for liquid water to exist. This exoplanet is about 1.5 times the size of Earth and orbits its star every 385 days. Its similarity to our home planet has sparked interest in the search for potential signs of life beyond our solar system.

HD 189733b - The Blue Planet

Located approximately 63 light-years away, HD 189733b is an exoplanet famous for its deep blue colour. This gas giant, similar in size to Jupiter, gets its distinctive hue from the scattering of blue light by silicate particles in its atmosphere. However, don't let its serene appearance fool you, as this planet is known for its extreme weather conditions, including violent winds and the presence of molten glass rain.

WASP-12b - The Puffy Planet

WASP-12b holds the record for being one of the least dense exoplanets discovered to date. This gas giant, situated around 1,400 light-years away, is so close to its host star that it completes an orbit in just 26 hours. The intense gravitational forces cause the planet to be stretched and elongated, making it appear puffy. The extreme heat on WASP-12b is so intense that it is believed to be consuming its own atmosphere.

TRAPPIST-1 System - Seven Sisters

The TRAPPIST-1 system gained significant attention when astronomers discovered not just one, but seven Earth-sized exoplanets orbiting a cool dwarf star. Located approximately 39 light-years away, these planets are tightly packed, with some of them residing in the star's habitable zone. This discovery has generated excitement as scientists investigate the potential for these planets to harbour liquid water and the possibility of hosting life.

55 Cancri e - The Diamond Planet

If you're in search of the ultimate bling, 55 Cancri e might be the planet for you. This exoplanet, roughly twice the size of Earth, orbits very close to its host star. The intense heat and pressure on 55 Cancri e are believed to have caused its carbon-rich surface to crystallize into diamonds. However, don't plan a jewellery heist just yet, as the planet's atmosphere is composed of hydrogen and helium, making it an inhospitable place.

HD 106906 b - The Outlier

HD 106906 b stands out among exoplanets due to its unusually wide orbit around its host star. Located around 336 light-years away, this gas giant orbits at a staggering distance of 650 astronomical units (AU), where one AU is the average distance between the Earth and the Sun. This extreme separation suggests the possibility of a previously unknown mechanism for planet formation.

Gliese 436 b - The Burning Ice World

Gliese 436 b challenges our understanding of the behaviour of volatile substances in extreme environments. This Neptune-sized exoplanet, located approximately 33 light-years away, has a unique composition. Despite its proximity to its host star, the planet retains a significant amount of hydrogen.